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The roles of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in prognosis of COVID-19 infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Mohammad Sadidi1, Ahad Zare2, Mehrdad Nasrollahzadehsabet3, Farzaneh Dastan4, Ali Mosadegh Khah5, Milad Jafari Asheyani6
1 Department of Internal Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University; Sarem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Sarem Women's Hospital, Tehran, Iran
3 MD. PhD in Molecular Medicine, Assistant Professor, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy; Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 MD. Endocrinologist, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6 MD., Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ali Mosadegh Khah
School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Fatemi St. Tehran
Iran
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_71_22
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Background: COVID-19 is responsible for the latest pandemic. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is one of the cellular receptors of interest for coronavirus. The aim of this study was to assess the roles of DPP-4 inhibitors in prognosis of COVID-19 infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in 2020 in military medical centers affiliated to AJA University of Medical Sciences in Tehran on 220 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted in medical centers with COVID-19 infection. We collected demographic data of patients including age, gender, drug history, usage of DPP-4 inhibitors, clinical presentations at the time of the first visit, and the disease outcome including hospitalization duration and need for respiratory assist. Results: The study population consisted of 133 males (60.5%) and 87 females (39.5%), with a mean age of 66.13 ± 12.3 years. Forty-four patients (20%) consumed DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin and linagliptin). Patients who were treated with DPP-4 inhibitors required less oxygen (O2) therapies compared to other cases (76.7% vs. 88.6%, P = 0.04). Patients who were treated with DPP-4 inhibitors had significantly lower hospitalization duration compared to other cases (6.57 ± 2.3 days vs. 8.03 ± 4.4 days, respectively, P = 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups of patients regarding survival rates (P = 0.55). Age was a predictive factor for survival (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.23; P = 0.004). Conclusion: DPP-4 inhibitors could significantly decrease hospitalization days in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized for COVID-19. However, DPP-4 inhibitor usage showed no statistically significant impact on survival. Age was the important prognostic factor.
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