Serum level of Vitamin D is associated with COVID-19 mortality rate in hospitalized patients

Mitra Ranjbar; Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya; Maryam Roham; Nader Rezaie; Mahdi Yadollahzadeh; Mohsen Farrokhpour; Mehdi Azimi; Nima Motamed; Dhayaneethie Perumal; Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel; Farahnaz Dadras; Nahid Hashemi Madani; Behrooz Ghanbari; Amirhossein Faraji; Mehdi Nikkhah; Shahrzad Rahmani; Fatemah Golgiri; Seyed Yadollah Emadi; Rowshanak Abbasi; Iman Mohseni; Mohammad Reza Babaei; Ramin Eskandari; Manizhe Ataee; Mahshid Panahi; Farhad Zamani; Mahin Jamshidi Makiani; Azadeh Laali

doi:10.4103/jrms.JRMS_1151_20

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2021 | Volume : 26 | Issue : 1 | Page : 112

Serum level of Vitamin D is associated with COVID-19 mortality rate in hospitalized patients

Mitra Ranjbar¹, Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya², Maryam Roham³, Nader Rezaie⁴, Mahdi Yadollahzadeh⁵, Mohsen Farrokhpour⁵, Mehdi Azimi⁵, Nima Motamed⁶, Dhayaneethie Perumal⁷, Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel², Farahnaz Dadras⁸, Nahid Hashemi Madani⁹, Behrooz Ghanbari², Amirhossein Faraji², Mehdi Nikkhah², Shahrzad Rahmani⁸, Fatemah Golgiri⁹, Seyed Yadollah Emadi², Rowshanak Abbasi⁹, Iman Mohseni¹⁰, Mohammad Reza Babaei¹⁰, Ramin Eskandari¹¹, Manizhe Ataee¹⁰, Mahshid Panahi², Farhad Zamani², Mahin Jamshidi Makiani³, Azadeh Laali³
¹ Department of Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
² Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
³ Department of Infectious Diseases; Antimicrobial Resistant Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⁴ Department of Pulmonology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⁶ Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
⁷ Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom
⁸ Department of Nephrology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⁹ Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
¹⁰ Department of Interventional Radiology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
¹¹ Department of Cardiology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Azadeh Laali
Antimicrobial Resistant Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
Iran
Prof. Mahin Jamshidi Makiani
Antimicrobial Resistant Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
Iran

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_1151_20

Background: Due to widespread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, identification of its risk factors and clinical characteristics are important. The aim of the present study was to assess Vitamin D levels in individuals with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-19 infection and to report on its potential as a predictive marker. Materials and Methods: All patients, diagnosed with COVID-19 infection from February 16 to March 21, 2020, and referred to Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were enrolled in this study. Vitamin D analysis was undertaken on patient serum samples using a commercial kit (Pars Azmoon Co., Tehran, Iran). SPSS v. 22 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Vitamin D serum concentration was analyzed in a total of 317 patients whose mean age ± standard deviation was 62.05 ± 15 years and with 62.5% being male. A significant association of Vitamin D level and death was observed. Higher levels of serum Vitamin D had protection against death (odds ratio = 0.955 [95% confidence interval = 0.923–0.988], P = 0.008). Conclusion: As a preliminary study in the Iranian population who suffered COVID-19 disease, we identified that Vitamin D deficiency was associated with a higher death rate and intensive care unit admission.

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